Indian broadcasters have raised concerns over the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India’s (TRAI) proposal for a new Authorised Local Terrestrial Distribution (ALTD) framework. They said it could recreate a “digital zamindari” model by forcing a new layer of intermediaries between content creators and consumers.
They have warned that the model would concentrate control of television distribution in the hands of a few digital intermediaries. Industry executives said the proposed structure risks weakening broadcaster autonomy and may disrupt the existing television value chain.
The concerns were voiced during consultations around TRAI’s recommendations. This includes terrestrial broadcasting distribution, where broadcasters argued that the framework may create a parallel gatekeeping system over content access and monetisation.
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Broadcasters Concerned For Control Over Content Distribution
“The proposed ALTD framework will provide distribution entities more disproportionate control over consumer access, advertising flows & channel carriage.”
-said broadcasters
Industry stakeholders have compared the potential structure to a “digital zamindari” model, where a limited set of operators could dominate local distribution networks.
Executives from television networks and industry bodies also argued about how broadcasters are already operating within a heavily regulated ecosystem. They also dropped hints about the carriage fees, content obligations and pricing controls. Adding another distribution layer will further complicate market operations rather than improve accessibility.
The industry bodies say there is a lack of clarity on licensing, revenue-sharing mechanisms and accountability norms under the proposed system. According to participants in the consultation process, broadcasters believe the framework needs stronger safeguards to prevent market concentration and ensure fair competition.
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Industry Demand Regulatory Clarity and Market Safeguards
Stakeholders have requested that TRAI review and revise key provisions before proceeding with implementation.
“Any new distribution architecture should maintain a level playing field across cable TV, Direct-to-Home (DTH) services, FreeDish and emerging digital platforms,” said broadcasters.
The industry also called for clearer definitions around infrastructure ownership, content rights management and local distribution responsibilities. Executives warned that overlapping regulatory structures could affect investment confidence in India’s broadcasting and media sector at a time when traditional television networks are already facing pressure from digital streaming platforms.
The ALTD proposal forms part of wider regulatory discussions around broadcast modernisation, spectrum usage and hybrid television delivery systems in India. TRAI has not yet issued a final decision on the framework.
