India’s transport authorities are planning to tighten ties on the electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The unique proposal suggests to introduce an Aadhaar-like identification system for individual battery packs.

The draft framework, released by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, aims to track EV batteries throughout their lifecycle (from manufacturing to end-of-life recycling), as the country boosts electric mobility.

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New Digital ID for EV Batteries

Under the draft Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) system, every EV battery on the market must bear a unique 21-character identifier. Producers and importers must assign the BPAN and upload battery data to a central portal. The identifier must be visibly placed on battery packs so it remains legible through their operational life.

With an aim to capture key data on each battery, including manufacturing origin, usage history and recycling status, the goal is to improve transparency and regulatory compliance across the expanding EV ecosystem.

Any significant alteration to a battery, such as recycling or repurposing, will trigger issuance of a new BPAN by the relevant producer or importer.

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Traceability, Recycling and Industry Impact

The transport ministry suggests that the BPAN system will improve traceability, promote efficient recycling and support the second-life use of EV batteries.

By tracking detailed battery performance and environmental data, the framework intends to reduce waste, curb unauthorised reuse and strengthen accountability within the supply chain.

Prioritising electric vehicle batteries, which account for the bulk of domestic lithium-ion battery demand, the draft guidelines are expected to be finalised after stakeholder consultation and alignment with automotive industry standards.